United States History to 1877
Civil War and Reconstruction: 1860s to 1877
USI.9
The student will demonstrate knowledge of the causes, major events, and effects of the Civil War by
- a) describing the cultural, economic, and constitutional issues that divided the nation;
- b) explaining how the issues of states’ rights and slavery increased sectional tensions;
- c) identifying on a map the states that seceded from the Union and those that remained in the Union;
- d) describing the roles of Abraham Lincoln, Jefferson Davis, Ulysses S. Grant, Robert E. Lee, Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson, and Frederick Douglass in events leading to and during the war;
- e) using maps to explain critical developments in the war, including major battles;
- f) describing the effects of war from the perspectives of Union and Confederate soldiers (including black soldiers), women, and slaves.
SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES
- Begin the unit by asking students which states seceded from the Union, which four slave states stayed in the Union, and where were the other states that remained in the Union located.
- Explain that as Southern states that were dependent upon labor-intensive cash crops seceded from the Union. Northernmost slave states (border states) stayed in the Union.
- States that seceded from the Union
- Alabama
- Arkansas
- Florida
- Georgia
- Louisiana
- Mississippi
- North Carolina
- South Carolina
- Tennessee
- Texas
- Virginia
- States remaining in the Union
- Border states (slave states)
- Delaware
- Kentucky
- Maryland
- Missouri
- Free States
- California
- Connecticut
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Maine
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New York
- Ohio
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- Vermont
- West Virginia (Western counties of Virginia that refused to secede from the Union)
- Wisconsin
- Give each student an outline map of the United States in 1860, available at Eduplace (http://www.eduplace.com/ss/maps/pdf/us1860_nl.pdf). Have students indicate the following on the map:
- Map title
- Each Confederate state
- Year of secession of each Confederate state
- Each Union state
- Each border state (slave state that remained in the Union)
- A legend reflecting the information on the map
- Encourage students to use color. Explain that the maps will be graded on presentation, accuracy, and demonstration of ability to follow directions.
- After students have completed their maps, review with students the geographical and economic differences between the North and South. Discuss with students how these differences impacted the sectional tensions between the two regions.
- Take a blank map of the United States. Make a color key. Color the map according to the following regions in the Missouri Compromise of 1820 using the map at http://www.mce.k12tn.net/civil_war/activities_for_lesson_1.htm.
- Use the following maps to review the states that seceded from the Union and the states that remained in the Union:
http://www.learner.org/biographyofamerica/prog10/maps/ http://www.sonofthesouth.net/slavery/slave-maps/map-free-slave-states.htm
WEB SITES
http://www.learner.org/biographyofamerica/prog10/maps/
Map to review the states that seceded from the Union and states that remained in the Union
http://www.sonofthesouth.net/slavery/slave-maps/map-free-slave-states.htm
Map to review the states that seceded from the Union and states that remained in the Union
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